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What Is Nose Surgery (Rhinoplasty) and How Is It Done?

Nose surgery, also called rhinoplasty, is a surgical procedure that changes the shape, size, or structure of the nose. It can be done to make the nose look better, fix breathing problems, or repair damage after an injury. The surgery reshapes the bone and cartilage of the nose so it fits better with your face or works better for breathing. Doctors plan the surgery carefully based on each person’s goals and the natural shape of their nose. Nose surgery can be both cosmetic (to improve appearance) and functional (to help breathing). Some people choose it to boost confidence and make their features look more balanced, while others have it to correct problems like a crooked septum or nasal injury.

Purpose & Benefits of Nose Surgery

● Improves the shape and size of the nose to look more balanced with your face.

● Corrects breathing problems caused by internal issues like a deviated septum.

● Fixes nose damage from injury or previous surgery.

● Helps improve self-confidence and self-image.

● Can reduce nasal blockages or trouble breathing at night.

● Corrects birth defects or irregularities in nose shape.

Who May Need Nose Surgery?

Nose surgery may be recommended for anyone who:

● Wants to change the appearance of their nose to match their facial features.

● Has difficulty breathing through the nose due to structural issues.

● Has a crooked or deviated septum affecting airflow.

● Has a broken nose or deformity from trauma.

● Has congenital (birth) differences in the nasal structure.

● Is an adult with complete nasal growth (typically after teenage years).

Before surgery, a doctor examines your nasal bone, cartilage, skin, and overall facial features to plan what changes are best for you.

Types of Nose Surgery

1. Cosmetic Rhinoplasty

This type focuses on making the nose look better, for example, making the bridge smaller, lifting the tip, or reducing width. It is chosen mainly for aesthetic improvements.

2. Functional Rhinoplasty (Septorhinoplasty)

This type fixes breathing problems by straightening the septum, removing blockages, or correcting internal nasal structure while also reshaping the nose externally.

3. Open vs. Closed Technique

• Closed rhinoplasty: All cuts are made inside the nose, so no visible scars remain.
• Open rhinoplasty: A small cut is made on the outside (between the nostrils) for better access during complex changes.

The best approach depends on the type of change needed and the surgeon’s plan.

Nose Surgery Procedure: Step-by-Step

1. You talk with your surgeon about what you want and about your health history. Photos and measurements may be taken to plan the surgery.

2. You’ll receive either general anaesthesia (asleep) or local anaesthesia with sedation (awake but numb).

3. Small cuts are made inside the nostrils or sometimes across the base of the nose.

4. The surgeon adjusts the bone and cartilage to achieve the desired shape and to help breathing if needed.

5. The incisions are closed with stitches, and a splint or dressing is often placed outside the nose to protect the new shape.

6. After surgery, you are moved to a recovery area to be watched as anaesthesia wears off.

Most nose surgeries take about 1–3 hours, depending on how much needs to be changed.

Recovery & Aftercare

After nose surgery:

● You may have swelling, bruising, or soreness around the nose and eyes. This is normal and will lessen gradually.

● A splint may stay on your nose for about one week to protect and support it.

● You may need to avoid blowing your nose for a while and sneeze gently with your mouth open early on.

● Avoid strenuous activity and sports for several weeks as advised by your surgeon.

● Most people can return to normal daily activities within 1–2 weeks, but full healing and final shape may take many months to a year.

Ask your surgeon for specific aftercare instructions to follow during your recovery.

Risks & Possible Complications

Nose surgery is safe when done by an experienced surgeon, but like all surgeries, it has possible risks. These can include:

● Bleeding and infection after surgery.

● Breathing difficulties or nasal blockage.

● Scars or wounds healing poorly.

● Unsatisfactory appearance that may need revision.

● Change in sense of smell.

● Swelling and skin colour changes around the nose.

Your surgeon will explain risks that apply specifically to your case before the surgery.