642 doctors in India — verified profiles, ratings, fees and clinic or online consultation.
MBBS, MD - Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Gynecology
Dr. Prakash L Kothavale is a Gynecologist in Dhankawadi, Pune and has an experience of 22 years in this field. Dr. Prakash L Kothavale practices at Care Of S…
MD - Ayurveda Medicine, BAMS
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Ayurveda
Dr. S.Bharath is an Ayueveda doctor who has keen interest and passion towards his practice.
MBBS, MD - Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Gynecology
Dr. Sukhada R. Rao is a Gynecologist in Egmore, Chennai and has an experience of 23 years in this field. Dr. Sukhada R. Rao practices at Dr. U. Mohan Rau Mem…
MBBS, DGO, MS - Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Gynecology
Dr. Dhwaraga J is a gynaecologist based in Chennai. She holds good clinical experience in her field of work and is committed to the welfare of the mother and…
MBBS, MS - Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Gynecology
Dr. P C Jain is a Gynecologist in Kopar Khairne, Navi Mumbai and has an experience of 42 years in this field. Dr. P C Jain practices at Akashdeep Hospital &…
MBBS, MS - Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Gynecology
Dr. Joshi is a Gold Medalist MBBS Graduate from SMS Medical College, University of Rajasthan and completed her MS (Obstetrics Gynaecology) in 1989. She is th…
MBBS, DGO, MD - Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Gynecology
A Gold medalist from the university of madras in MD o&g with training in his chosen field and IVF in India, Australia, Germany, France and Israel, Dr Gopinat…
MD - Siddha, BSMS
Ayurveda
Dr. P. Senthil Kumar is M.D graduate in Siddha Medicine. Also, he completed P.G.Dip in Psychotherapy. He has 15 years experience in this system. Also working…
BHMS
Homeopathy
Dr. Prashant K Vaidya is a homeopath, sexologist and general endocrinologist, general dermatologist and gastroenterologist. He is a member of Indian Homoeopa…
MBBS, MD - Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Gynecology
Dr. Kavita Mandal - MBBS, MD, Obst. & Gyne – Aiims, New Delhi Successfully Run By A Dr. Kavita Mandal Over Many Years. She Was Trained In The Best Institute…
MBBS, DGO, MRCOG(UK)
Gynecology
Dr. Sandip Biswas is an experienced Consultant in Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Fortis Hospital and Kidney Institute, Rashbehari Avenue, Kolkata, West Bengal…
MBBS, FRCOG (UK), MRCOG(UK)
Gynecology
Dr. Sujata Datta MBBS, FRCOG, CCT (U.K.) is a Consultant Gynaecologist, Laparoscopic Surgeon, and Urogynaecologist now practicing in leading hospitals like B…
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Infertility is a reproductive health condition in which a couple is unable to achieve pregnancy after a certain period of regular unprotected intercourse. It can affect both men and women and may result from hormonal problems, ovulation disorders, low sperm count, blocked reproductive structures, lifestyle factors, or unexplained causes.
Modern medical advancements offer several infertility evaluation and treatment options that can help improve the chances of conception and successful pregnancy. Early diagnosis and personalized treatment plans play an important role in managing infertility effectively.
Infertility is generally defined as the inability to conceive after:
● 12 months of regular unprotected intercourse for couples under 35 years
● 6 months for women above 35 years of age
Infertility may be:
● Primary infertility – when pregnancy has never occurred
● Secondary infertility – when conception occurred previously but pregnancy cannot be achieved again
Infertility can occur due to factors affecting either partner or both.
Causes of Female Infertility
Common causes include:
● Ovulation disorders
● Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
● Blocked fallopian tubes
● Endometriosis
● Hormonal imbalances
● Uterine abnormalities
● Age-related decline in fertility
● Premature ovarian insufficiency
● Pelvic infections
Ovulation problems are among the leading causes of female infertility.
Male infertility may result from:
● Low sperm count
● Poor sperm motility
● Abnormal sperm shape
● Hormonal disorders
● Varicocele
● Genetic conditions
● Erectile dysfunction
● Infections
● Lifestyle factors such as smoking or alcohol use
Male infertility contributes significantly to infertility cases.
Several factors may increase infertility risk, including:
● Increasing age
● Obesity
● Smoking
● Excess alcohol consumption
● Stress
● Poor nutrition
● Sexually transmitted infections
● Chronic illnesses
● Exposure to environmental toxins
Lifestyle modifications may help improve reproductive health.
The primary symptom is difficulty achieving pregnancy.
Additional symptoms may include:
In Women
● Irregular menstrual cycles
● Absent periods
● Painful periods
● Hormonal symptoms
● Pelvic pain
In Men
● Changes in sexual function
● Testicular pain or swelling
● Hormonal symptoms
● Problems with ejaculation
Some individuals may have no obvious symptoms apart from inability to conceive.
Infertility evaluation usually involves assessment of both partners.
Female Fertility Evaluation
Tests may include:
● Hormone blood tests
● Ovulation testing
● Pelvic ultrasound
● Hysterosalpingography (HSG)
● Laparoscopy
● Ovarian reserve testing
These tests help identify ovulation or reproductive tract problems.
Male Fertility Evaluation
Common investigations include:
● Semen analysis
● Hormone testing
● Genetic testing
● Ultrasound examination
Semen analysis is one of the most important fertility tests in men.
Treatment depends on the cause, age, duration of infertility, and overall health.
1. Fertility Medications
Fertility medications help regulate hormones and stimulate ovulation in women.
Common medications include:
● Clomiphene citrate
● Letrozole
● Gonadotropins
These treatments are often the first step in infertility management.
2. Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)
IUI involves placing specially prepared sperm directly into the uterus during ovulation.
It may be recommended for:
● Mild male infertility
● Unexplained infertility
● Cervical mucus issues
● Ovulation disorders
The procedure is relatively simple and minimally invasive.
3. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
IVF is an advanced fertility treatment where eggs are fertilized with sperm in a laboratory before embryo transfer into the uterus.
IVF may be recommended for:
● Blocked fallopian tubes
● Severe male infertility
● Advanced maternal age
● Endometriosis
● Failed previous fertility treatments
The IVF process includes ovarian stimulation, egg retrieval, fertilization, embryo culture, and embryo transfer.
4. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
ICSI is a specialized IVF procedure in which a single sperm is injected directly into an egg to improve fertilization chances.
It is commonly used in severe male infertility cases.
5. Surgical Treatments
Surgery may help correct structural problems affecting fertility.
Examples include:
● Laparoscopic ovarian drilling for PCOS
● Removal of fibroids
● Treatment of endometriosis
● Varicocele repair
● Sperm retrieval procedures
Surgical treatment may improve natural conception chances in selected patients.
6. Fertility Preservation
Fertility preservation options include:
● Egg freezing
● Sperm freezing
● Embryo freezing
These methods help preserve reproductive potential for future pregnancy.
Healthy lifestyle habits may improve fertility outcomes.
Helpful measures include:
● Maintaining healthy weight
● Eating balanced nutrition
● Exercising regularly
● Avoiding smoking and alcohol
● Managing stress
● Getting adequate sleep
Emotional counseling and support groups may also help couples cope with infertility-related stress.
Proper infertility management can help:
● Improve chances of pregnancy
● Identify underlying reproductive problems
● Restore ovulation
● Improve sperm quality
● Enable assisted conception
● Support family planning goals
Many couples successfully achieve pregnancy with appropriate treatment.
Some fertility treatments may involve risks such as:
● Multiple pregnancy
● Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
● Emotional stress
● Medication side effects
● Procedure-related discomfort
Doctors monitor patients closely to minimize complications.
Medical evaluation is recommended if:
● Pregnancy does not occur after one year of trying
● The woman is over 35 years and unable to conceive after six months
● Menstrual cycles are irregular
● There is known reproductive disease
● Male fertility problems are suspected
● Previous miscarriages have occurred
Early consultation may improve treatment success.
Infertility is the inability to achieve pregnancy after regular unprotected intercourse for a certain period of time.
Yes. Infertility may result from male factors, female factors, or a combination of both.
Common causes include ovulation disorders, PCOS, blocked fallopian tubes, low sperm count, hormonal problems, and unexplained infertility.
Couples should seek medical advice after 12 months of unsuccessful attempts at pregnancy, or after 6 months if the woman is over 35 years old.
Tests may include hormone testing, semen analysis, ultrasound scans, ovulation testing, and imaging procedures.
IVF is a fertility treatment where eggs are fertilized with sperm in a laboratory and the resulting embryo is transferred into the uterus.
Success rates vary depending on age, health conditions, and the type of treatment used.
Yes. Maintaining healthy weight, reducing stress, avoiding smoking, and eating a balanced diet may support fertility.
Yes. Male infertility may be treated through medications, lifestyle changes, surgery, or assisted reproductive techniques.
Most fertility treatments are considered safe when performed under specialist supervision, although some risks and side effects may occur.